Pitching wedges make great chippers from the fringe of the playing area and are very useful on bump-and-run approaches. These clubs are also commonly used for recovery from trouble and punching out of the trees.

As the end of an iron set, the pitching wedge acts like a 10-iron. They’re in the normal loft progression of the set and are designed for use on full swings. The average distance a pitching wedge goes is between 90 and 120 yards.
10 degree bounce

A sand wedge or “Gap Wedge” is used to hit a shot with higher and shorter trajectory than a pitching wedge.

Gap wedges have a rather wide range. It is often called an “approach wedge” and is sometimes labeled “A.” This wedge is used primarily from the fairway and favors firm lies. Typically 60-90 yards in.
10 degree bounce

Lob Wedge, also called a Loft Wedge or L-Wedge, is a golf club with a high amount of loft, usually 60 degrees. The Lob Wedge can be used from the fairway, the rough, or from bunkers; whenever the player needs to hit the ball high and or stop the ball quickly on the green. It can also be used when the player is on the green and is difficult to putt the ball in. Typically 60 yards in to the pin.
16 degree bounce